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LEGACY

6 books enjoyed by Humanities Scholar Xunzi

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I n t r o d u c t i o n

Theory of Evil Nature Xunzi

Humanities ScholarCNBC 298 — BC 238

Confucian thinker of the late Warring States period who argued that human nature is inherently evil and emphasized the importance of moral cultivation through ritual propriety.

“Since human nature is foolish and evil, becoming good is merely thanks to the artificial effort of strict rites.”

C o n t e m p o r a r i e s
L i b r a r y

Records

What this figure read, watched, and listened to

S i g n a t u r eL i n e s

Quote

“Since human nature is foolish and evil, becoming good is merely thanks to the artificial effort of strict rites.”

Greeting

“Human nature is evil; goodness is the result of effort.”
“Blue dye comes from indigo, yet it is bluer than indigo.”
“The ruler is the boat and the people are the water; the water can capsize the boat.”

Roll Call

“I stand in proper ritual order.”
“The time for transformation through education has come.”
“Preparations for establishing order are complete.”

Deploy

“Arrange the ranks with the order of ritual!”
“Correct the disordered nature!”
“Like planting mugwort in a hemp field — form the lines!”

Victory

“Only those who overcame their nature through effort stand here.”
“Ritual and law are the foundation of victory.”
“I won because I was not trapped by one-sidedness.”

Draw

“Ambiguous judgment leads to unintended results.”
“The transformation was incomplete. I must teach again.”
“The measure of ritual must be applied anew.”

Defeat

“I failed to govern my own nature. My fault.”
“I have learned once more how difficult it is to practice goodness.”
“Even fallen, I will not let go of ritual.”

Strike

“Cut down disorder!”
“Sever evil with the blade of ritual!”
“Push through with the power of education!”
P e r s o n aA n a l y s i s

Overview

High intellect and argumentative fairness formed a pragmatic intellectual who transformed Confucianism into an institutional theory. A pessimistic view of human nature combined with communitarian orientation to complete a rite-based governance doctrine, while low humility and high diligence translated into the powerful teaching ability that produced disciples like Han Feizi.

Core Abilities

Command
58
Martial
22
Intellect
93
Charm
72

Inner Virtues

Temperance
78
Diligence
88
Reflection
85
Courage
73

Outer Virtues

Loyalty
60
Benevolence
62
Fairness
80
Humility
52

Core Disposition

Pessimism
Optimism
Conservative
Progressive
Individual
Social
Cautious
Bold

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